Medical network August 7th hearing 3D cell printing has been proven in the field of drug development is a useful technology, it can reduce the burden on experimental animals, and faster and safer to bring new treatment to the market. 3D printing was originally developed for the rapid manufacture of industrial components, and the methods used are stereolithography and fused deposition modeling. On the basis of printing technology, coupled with the "biological" (that is, cell) factors, it becomes a new technology: 3D biological printing!
3D biological printing requires a sterile environment to avoid contamination of the printed parts, as well as adequate temperature and moderation to ensure that the cells are not dying. And materials used in traditional 3D printing cannot be used for biological printing because they require high temperature or toxic solvents. Researchers from around the world are developing materials that can be manipulated by a 3D printer without causing damage to the cells.
However, each cell type that makes up different tissues of the human body requires a special mechanical environment. Each needs a unique supportive structure to function properly.
For example, a skeleton is a large, brittle material with a heart muscle that is resilient and tough, while the liver is soft and compressible. In a recent study, researchers found that new materials extracted from algae could be used to print human stem cells in 3D in different environments without damaging human cells. They believe that these findings pave the way for printing complex organizational structures. At present, the need to replace the organs of patients have to wait from living or cadaveric organ donation, and most of them have lifelong use of immunosuppressive drugs, which can cause side effects and have a lot of cost. We hope that the print biology organization at 3D will provide a new solution for Australia's 1500 patients who are on the waiting list for organ care every year. But printing the entire organ is a very complex process that can take weeks, so that patients may not be able to wait. At the same time, even if the process for relatively simple tissue, such as skin, have been more perfect, the next step will need to be part of nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, and this entire host system combined to make transplantable organs, such as kidney, lung, heart or liver. We may also need many years and a lot of money to successfully print out complete, functional human organs. But the bioprinted cells there is another kind of usage: used in the laboratory to test new drugs in accordance with the existing methods, a new drug to the market will be about $2 billion 500 million, and the time from A to Z for ten years. Even if you succeed in finding a new drug, the possibility of approval is very low: in 2016, less than 10% of the new drugs were approved. When starting human clinical trials, the probability that a drug will be successfully pushed to the market is 10-15%, depending on the type of molecule. The pain and death of the subject is also the price. We know that the failure of these drugs is mainly due to poor efficacy in humans, even in animals. This difference is due to different physiological structures between species: rodents and other experimental animals are very different from humans in many crucial respects. 3D printing allows us to print more complex 3D models that replicate the liver, kidney, heart, and other areas that are suitable for testing and testing new drugs. These models have been some multinational pharmaceutical companies use even in animal research is still inevitable, American regulators FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and the new director has begun to consider the integration of animal alternatives for assessing the safety and efficacy of drugs. The future of bio printing organizations for drug development has been recognized by Australia's funding agencies and global support programs. In 2013, the European Union passed a new law prohibiting the use of animal testing in cosmetics testing in its territory and in retail goods abroad. The regulation accelerated the development of 3D skin modeling for testing new cosmetic formulations. These solutions are acceptable because the technology is feasible and will reduce the number of animals used for research. Changes in other industries, coupled with exciting technological improvements, allowed us to peek into the future of 3D printing, providing a faster and cheaper way to test the efficacy of new drugs.
